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Poverty & Inequality

Head Start: How Does It Impact Low-Income Children?
Jens Ludwig and Deborah A. Phillips

Head Start was introduced to the United States over 40 years ago as part of President Lyndon Johnson’s War on Poverty. The program provides low-income, pre-school-aged children and their families with schooling, nutrition, health, and social welfare services during a crucial time of human development. The first study of Head Start’s impacts, published in 1966, just a year after the program began, argued that any benefits to children fade quickly. Skepticism about the lasting benefits of Head Start—now serving close to 1 million children at the cost of $7 billion per year—has persisted ever since. Read more >>

Poverty & Inequality Research Areas
 

Social safety net, Welfare reform




Research in Brief
 

2009

Clean Water Makes You Dirty: Water Supply and Sanitation Behavior in the Philippines
Daniel Bennett

Improving Educational Outcomes for Poor Children
Jens Ludwig and Brian Jacob, PhD’01

2008

Bureaucratic Proceduralism in the Cash Welfare and Food Stamp Programs
Malay Majmundar

Cognitive and Non-Cognitive Predictors of Success in Adult Education Programs: Evidence from Experimental Data with Low-Income Welfare Recipients
Ariel Kalil and Lindsey Leininger

Consumption and Income Poverty for Those 65 and Over
Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

Consumption Responses to In-Kind Transfers: Evidence from the Introduction of the Food Stamp Program
Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach and Hilary Hoynes

The Effects of Work-Conditioned Transfers on Marriage and Child Well-Being: A Review
Jeffrey Grogger and Lynn Karoly

Further Results on Measuring the Well-Being of the Poor Using Income and Consumption
Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

Living Arrangements and Children’s Development in Low-Income White, Black, and Latino Families
Ariel Kalil and E. Michael Foster

Reporting Bias in Studies of the Food Stamp Program
Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

The U.S. Earned Income Tax Credit, Its Effects, and Possible Reforms
Bruce Meyer

2007

Design Priorities and Disciplinary Perspectives: The Case of the U.S. National Children’s Study
Robert T. Michael and Colm O'Muircheartaigh

Disability, Earnings, Income, and Consumption
Bruce Meyer and Wallace Mok

The Economic Costs of Poverty: Subsequent Effects of Children Growing Up Poor
Diane Whitmore Schanzenbach, Harry Holzer, Greg Duncan, and Jens Ludwig

The Impact of Welfare Reform on Insurance Coverage before Pregnancy and the Timing of Prenatal Care Initiation
Willard Manning

The Nature and Consequences of Marital Sorting by Parental Wealth
Kerwin Charles, Erik Hurst, and Liqian Ren

A New Approach to Forecasting Food Stamp Caseloads
Jeffrey Grogger

Poverty Alleviation and Income Inequality in Brazil: Task Force Report
Valentina Calderon-Meija, Joseph Costa, Reeba Daniel, Nicole Donnelly, Christina Forst, Carolyn Hight, Tana Johnson, Duncan Kisia, Ana-Sofia Leon, Sarah McLaughlin, Justin Palfreyman, and Felicity Vabulas

Quasi-Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Unemployment Insurance from New York State
Bruce Meyer and Wallace Mok

Welfare Reform: Effects of a Decade of Change
Jeffrey Grogger and Lynn Karoly

2006

Consumption, Income, and Material Well-Being after Welfare Reform
Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

The Economic Influence of Child Support on the Family: Evidence from Pre- and Post-Welfare Reform
Kathleen Ziol-Guest

The Health Care Safety Net and Crowd-Out of Private Health Insurance
Bruce Meyer and Anthony Lo Sasso

The Impact of Incarceration in State Prison on the Employment Prospects of Women
Robert LaLonde and Rosa Cho

Job Stability, Job Mobility, and Child Behavior among Families Leaving Welfare
Ariel Kalil

The Quantity and Quality of Life and the Evolution of World Inequality
Tomas Philipson, Gary Becker, and Rodrigo Soares

Welfare Leaving and Health Trajectories among the Children of Immigrants and Natives
Ariel Kalil

Welfare Reform: Effects of a Decade of Change
Jeffrey Grogger and Lynn Karoly

2005

Do the Poor Move to Receive Higher Welfare Benefits?
Bruce Meyer

Economic Prospects for Incarcerated Women
Robert LaLonde

The Effects of Welfare and Tax Reform: The Material Well-Being of Single Mothers in the 1980s and 1990s
Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

Evaluation, Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) Program
Colm O'Muircheartaigh

Has the Intergenerational Transmission of Economic Status Changed?
Susan Mayer and Leonard Lopoo

The Health Care Safety Net and Crowd-Out of Private Health Insurance
Bruce Meyer and Anthony Lo Sasso

Like Mother, Like Daughter? SES and the Intergenerational Correlation of Traits, Behaviors and Attitudes
Susan Mayer, Ariel Kalil, and Greg Duncan

Maternal Working Conditions and Child Well-Being in Welfare-Leaving Families
Ariel Kalil, R. Dunifon, and A. Bajrachary

Open Questions: Do We Really Know That Globalization Is Good for the Poor?
Lloyd Gruber

Trends in the Consumption and Income of Poor Families
Bruce Meyer and James Sullivan

Unemployment Insurance Tax Burdens and Benefits: Funding Family Leave and Reforming the Payroll Tax
Bruce Meyer and Patricia Anderson

Welfare Reform: Effects of a Decade of Change
Jeffrey Grogger and Lynn Karoly

What Are Food Stamps Worth?
Diane Whitmore

2004

Chicago Housing Authority Resident Survey
Colm O’Muircheartaigh and Cathy Haggerty

Class Struggle: Some Diluting Effects of Inter-Generational Mobility
Raaj Sah and Philippe Penelle

Globalization and Political Conflict: The Long-Term Prognosis
Lloyd Gruber

Globalization, Inequality, and Redistribution
Lloyd Gruber

Immigrants' Economic Mobility in California From a Demographic Perspective
Cathy Yang Liu

Income Inequality, Social Capital and Mortality: Re-Examining the State-Level Data
Jeffrey Milyo and Ira Parnekar

Inequality, Group Cohesion, and Public Good Provision
Jeffrey Milyo, Lisa Anderson, and Jennifer Mellor

The Quantity and Quality of Life and the Evolution of World Inequality
Tomas Philipson, Gary Becker, and Rodrigo Soares

2003

The Apple Does Not Fall Far from the Tree
Susan Mayer, Greg Duncan, and Ariel Kalil

An Assessment of Some Mechanisms Linking Economic Inequality and Infant Mortality
Susan Mayer

Changes in Home Production and Trends in Economic Inequality
Susan Mayer and Peter Gottschalk

The Changing Effect of Family Background on the Incomes of American Adults
Susan Mayer, David Harding, Christopher Jencks, and Leonard Lopoo

Class Struggle: Some Diluting Effects of Inter-Generational Mobility
Raaj Sah and Phillip Penelle

Conditional Income Support Programs: The Case of Mexico's Oportunidades
Glenn A. Bowen

Domestic Violence and Children’s Behavior in Low-Income Families
Ariel Kalil, R. Tolman, D. Rosen, and G. Gruber

Effects of Welfare Reform on Families: Three Articles
Ariel Kalil

An Examination of Targeted Welfare Programs in the United States: Why In-Kind Assistance is not Superior to Cash Assistance
Amber Casolari

Examining the Role of Experts in Policy Debates: An Analysis of Expert Opinion on Welfare Reform in The New York Times
Vicki Lens

Has the Intergenerational Transmission of Economic Status Changed?
Susan Mayer and Leonard Lopoo

The Role of Contingent Work in the War Against Policy
Cynthia Bansak and Catalina Amuedo-Dorantes

Social Funds as a Strategy for Poverty Reduction, With Special Reference to Jamaica
Rodrigo Garc'a-Verdo

Trends in the Intergenerational Economic Mobility of Sons and Daughters
Susan Mayer and Leonard Lopoo

2002

Book Excerpt: Education Policy for the 21st Century: Challenges and Opportunities in Standards-Based Reform
Lawrence B. Joseph

Correlates of Employment Among Welfare Recipients: Do Psychological Characteristics and Attitudes Matter?
Ariel Kalil, Heidi Schweingruber, and Kristin Seefeldt

Does Maternal Employment Mandated by Welfare-Reform Affect Children's Behavior?
Ariel Kalil, Rachel Dunifon, and Sandra Danziger

Has the Intergenerational Transmission of Economic Status Changed?
Susan Mayer and Leonard Lopoo

How Did the Increase in Economic Inequality between 1970 and 1990 Affect Children's Educational Attainment?
Susan Mayer

Impact Fees Linked to Rising Home Costs
Brett Baden and Don Coursey

Income Inequality and Health Status in the United States
Jennifer Mellor and Jeffrey Milyo

Life Stressors, Social Support, and Depressive Symptoms Among First-Time Welfare Recipients
Ariel Kalil, Catherine Born, James Kunz, and Pamela Caudill

Measuring Poverty in the NLSY97
Carolyn Hill and Robert Michael

The Role of Early Childhood Education in Current Federal Education Policy: Ensuring Future Academic Success through High Quality Language and Cognitive Experiences for Young Children in Poverty
Jennifer Guerrero Flood

The Wage and Employment Effects of the American with Disabilities Act
Thomas DeLeire

2001

Economic Inequality in the United States
Susan Mayer

Is Inequality Bad for Your Health?
Jeffrey Milyo and Jennifer Mellor

Measuring Poverty in the NLSY97
Robert T. Michael and Carolyn Hill

Precautionary Saving and the Accumulation of Wealth
Annamaria Lusardi

Recent Developments for Poverty Measurement in U.S. Official Statistics
Robert T. Michael

Re-Examining the Evidence of an Ecological Association Between Income Inequality and Health
Jeffrey Milyo and Jennifer Mellor

What Accounts for Differences in Performance Across Welfare-to-Work Offices?
Carolyn Hill

Where are the Gaps in Disability Insurance Coverage
Helen Levy

1998

Language and Social Policy: An Analysis of Forces That Drive Official Language Politics in the United States
Rodney K. Hopson, Paul E. Green, Carol Camp Yeakey, Jeanita W. Richardson, and Tracey A. Reed

1996

The Cost and Consequences of Teenage Childbearing for Mothers and the Government
V. Joseph Hotz, Susan Williams, and Seth G. Sanders

Immigrant Restrictions to Public Assistance: Implementation Issues for Illinois
Michelle Waslin

Welfare Reform and the Implications for Illinois: CPR Interview with Robert Wright
An Interview with Robert Wright


 
Research Features
 
2009
 
How Does Childhood Poverty Impact Adult Body Mass Index?
Ariel Kalil, Kathleen M. Ziol-Guest, PhD’05, and Greg J. Duncan
Read more >>
2008
 
Can State Spending Increase Economic Opportunity?
Susan Mayer and Leonard Lopoo
Read more >>
Conspicuous Consumption and Race
Kerwin Kofi Charles, Erik Hurst, and Nikolai Roussanov
Read more >>
The Long View: Women and Welfare after Prison
Robert LaLonde and Kristin Butcher
Read more >>
2007
 
The Effect of TANF on Mothers and Infants: Pre-Pregnancy and Early Prenatal Care Declines
Willard Manning, Norma I. Gavin , Kathleen Adams , and Cheryl Raskind-Hood
Read more >>
Marital Sorting by Parental Wealth
Kerwin Charles, Erik Hurst , and Liqian Ren
Read more >>
Severely Disabled Workers Face Poverty Despite Government Aid
Bruce Meyer and Wallace C. Mok
Read more >>
2006
 
The Impact of Incarceration in State Prison on the Employment Prospects of Women
Robert LaLonde and Rosa Cho
Read more >>
Welfare Reform at Age Ten: What’s Working, What’s Not
Jeffrey Grogger and Lynn Karoly
Read more >>
2005
 
Measuring Changes in Economic Mobility Across Generations
Susan Mayer and Leonard Lopoo
Read more >>
Should We Teach Old Dogs New Tricks? Earnings Gains from Retraining in Community Colleges among Older Workers
Louis Jacobson and Robert LaLonde
Read more >>
2004
 
Does Work Pay?
C. Cybele Raver
Read more >>
2003
 
How Income Inequality Affects Infant Mortality
Susan Mayer and Ankur Sarin
Read more >>
2000
 
How Did the Increase in Economic Inequality between 1970 and 1990 Affect American Children's Educational Attainment?
Susan Mayer
Read more >>
 

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